PARADOKS POSTKULTURNE ANTROPOLOGIJE: POSTMODERNA TEORIJA ETNOGRAFIJE KAO TEORIJA KULTURE
Ključne reči:
politika antropologije, obrazovanje, multikulturalizam, tolerancija, postkulturna antropologija, teorija kulture, istorija antropologije, koncept kulture, postmoderna antropologija, teorija etnografijeApstrakt
Multikulturalizacija visokog obrazovanja, javne sfere i političke mape društva podrazumeva multikulturalizam kao političku, kulturnu i obrazovnu strategiju, ali ta strategija mora da se zasniva na nekoj slici multikulturnog društva. Ako propustimo da je ponudimo, ostaćemo irelevantni. Ako je ponudimo, poreći ćemo sebe. U ovoj monografskoj stuidji nastavljam refleksiju o ovoj nezavidnoj mada instrumentalno plodnoj situaciji, i razrađujem paradoksalnu poziciju u kojoj antropologija, kao interventni diskurs protiv kulturno generisanih neravnopravnosti, mora da se pomiri sa rehabilitacijom koncepta kulture protiv kojeg se decenijama razvijala, a čija upotreba zdušno potpomaže perpetuiranje samih neravnopravnosti protiv kojih antropologija kao kulturna kritika i nastaje. Antropologija oko Milenijuma ne može da interveniše u društvenu stvarnost u formi kulturne kritike i multikulturne propedeutike, osim ukoliko se ne odrekne svog teorijskog i metodološkog nasleđa razvijanog tokom dvadesetog veka. Antropologija druge polovine dvadesetog veka razvijala se nasuprot tradicionalnom antropološkom konceptu kulture kao relativno stabilnog i relativno homogenog sistema vrednosti, postupaka i uverenja, karakterističnog za neku određenu grupu ili zajednicu. Takav koncept ipak široko se upotrebljava u političkog teoriji, multikulturnim politikama i javnim diskursima, i ta pozadinska teorija kulture protiv koje nastaje savremena antropologija verovatno će opstati uprkos valjanim razlozima koje antropologija nudi da je napustimo kao esencijalistički konstrukt, i epistemološki naivan i politički poguban. Ukoliko nastoji da interveniše u te politike, antropologija mora da se odrekne svoje postkulturne situacije, i da žrtvuje sliku o sebi kao o teorijskoj nauci ne bi li opstala u igri intervencija socijalne i političke teorije u tekuće procese multikulturalizacije obrazovanja, političkog sistema i javne sfere. Ipak, žrtvujući imidž visoko sofisticirane teorijske nauke, antropologija gubi autoritet na osnovu kojeg uopšte i dobija priliku da interveniše u procesu pregovaranja i odlučivanja o tome kako da uredimo svoj kolektivni život.
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