ZAČECI RANE DRŽAVNOSTI U JUŽNOJ MESOPOTAMIJI: OD ČETVRTOG DO DRUGOG MILENIJUMA PRE NOVE ERE
Ključne reči:
Sumer, Vavilon, društveno raslojavanje, religija, vlast, ekonomija, država, pismoApstrakt
Rad je zasnovan na ideji da se na osnovu relevantnih tekstova iz oblasti sumerologije i asiriologije rekonstruiše nastanak najstarijih država na prostoru drevnog Sumera, te da se isprati njihov dalji razvoj kroz uočavanje najbitnijih formi državnosti. Pregled razvoja ranih država u Južnoj Mesopotamiji (Sumer, Akad, Vavilon) otkriva kako kulturne, tako i materijalne uslove usložnjavanja ljudskih društava koji su, zauzvrat, doveli do pojava prvih staleških podela i profesionalizacije rada, akumulacije resursa, hijerarhizacije društva, formiranja svešteničke klase i sekularne vlasti, kao i brojnih kulturnih inovacija ključnih za izlazak čovečanstva iz praistorije u istoriju: urbanizacije, otkrića grnčarskog kola, matematike, geometrije, osnova monumentalne arhitekture i trgovine i, pre svega, pisma.
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