GRIP I KONCEPT INFEKCIJE: REFLEKSIJE O TELESNIM GRANICAMA
Ključne reči:
grip, telesne granice, vakcina, globalizacija, prevencijaApstrakt
Nova vrsta virusa gripa je 2009. godine, posle više od 40 godina, izazvala prvu svetsku pandemiju gripa i na taj način označila prekretnicu u medicinskoj istoriji gripa: danas grip igra ključnu ulogu u interdisciplinarnim pokušajima prevencije i upravljanja infektivnim bolestima. Ali dok je u ovim raspravama pažnja uglavnom usmerena na biološke i epidemiološke aspekte pandemijske pretnje, još ne postoji mnogo posebnih radova o posledicama gripa na konceptualizaciju ljudskog tela i njegovu uključenost u šire globalne tokove. Posmatrano s antropološke tačke gledišta, širenje virusa gripa moglo se pojaviti jedino ukoliko su postojale određene sociotehničke prakse, okruženja i veze: teku- ći procesi globalizacije pokazuju pojačani uticaj na razvoj i širenje virusa gripa, kao što je to pokazalo empirijsko istraživanje. Prelazeći ove složene transnacionalne tokove i puteve, grip mora biti analiziran kao fenomen koji je pokretan, neteritorijalan, i koji prekoračuje granice dovodeći u pitanje tradicionalne ograničene koncepte ljudskog tela, prostora, kulture i prevencije. Nakon Fukoa može se pretpostaviti da su biotehnologije, preventivni diskursi i prakse konstitutivni za konstruisanje subjekta, ljudskog tela, kao i društvenog poretka uopšte. U ovom kontekstu telesne granice nisu statične. One mogu varirati u skladu sa medicinskom negom, godinama ili bolešću. Virus gripa funkcioniše kao agens sa materijalnim potencijalom, koji prekoračuje granice i predstavlja pretećeg drugog, zamagljujući granice između ja i ne-ja, i spajajući koncepte tehnologije i prevencije, ljudskih tela, svinja, vakcina i diskurse o biosigurnosti. U ovom radu želim da naglasim suštinsku ulogu – koju pod specifičnim uslovima do kojih je došlo procesima globalizacije – grip može igrati u procesu održanja zdravlja i prevencije infektivnih bolesti, kao i njegov uticaj na biopolitičko upravljanje ljudskim telom. Posebno sugerišem uzimanje u obzir savremenog koncepta prevencije koji ide ruku pod ruku sa nastajućim efektima moći i novim oblicima upravljanja.
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